上海市慢性病中医医疗现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Status of Chinese Traditional Medical Treatment of Chronic Diseases in Shanghai

目的了解上海市居民慢性病中医医疗现状,分析其发展对策。方法采取随机整群分层抽样方法,通过入户问卷调查,调查上海市区(县)21所社区卫生服务中心居民慢性病中医医疗现状。结果(1)全市居民慢性病的患病率为32·49%,其中市区为35·72%,郊区为28·64%,市区慢性病的患病率高于郊区(P<0·01)。(2)女性的患病率为35·64%,男性为28·98%,女性患病率高于男性(P<0·01)。(3)不同年龄被调查居民慢性病患病率间差异有显著性意义(P<0·05)。(4)就慢性病患者就诊情况来看,中医诊断人数仅占8·65%,西医对慢性病的诊断远远大于中医。(5)从就诊科别分析中医以中医内科为主,占85·58%。(6)在中医内科就诊的病种中51·40%为高血压,其次为冠心病、慢性支气管炎、糖尿病和慢性胃肠病。(7)在全市居民慢性病疾病谱中,排前5位的分别是:高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎和椎间盘疾病。结论需从中青年起加强对慢性病知识的宣传、教育工作,需加大对中医、中药及其适宜技术在慢性病治疗及诊断中的推广、应用。

Objective To find out the present status of treatment of chronic diseases with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） for Shanghai residents, and analyze the countermeasure for development. Methods Randomly cluster stratified sampling was taken in family questionnaire survey covering 21 districts of Shanghai residents. Results （ 1 ） The incidence of chronic diseases in residents in whole Shanghai city was 32.49% , of which 35.72% and 28.64% in downtown and suburb respectively. The incidence of chronic diseases in downtown was higher than that in suburb. （2） The incidence in women （35.64%） was higher than that in men （28.98%）. （3） The peak in occurrence of chronic diseases fell in the age period over 60 years old, the period from 50 to 60 was the transition, and the period less than 30 was healthy relatively. （4） Among the diagnosed chronic disease, the ratio diagnosed by western medicine （89.29%） was higher than that diagnosed by TCM （ 8.65% merely）. （5） The main department in western medicine patients often go to was the internal medicine （ accounting for 91.57% ） ; so was in TCM （accounting for 85.58% ）. （6） In TCM department, half of diseases seen was hypertension （51.40%）, the other disease in orderly range were coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis, diabetes, chronic gastroenterological diseases. （7） In the chronic disease spectrum of the entire residents, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, intervertebral disks diseases ranked the first 5 diseases respectively. Conclusion The propaganda and education on knowledge of chronic diseases for the young and middle - age people need to be strengthened ; and TCM and its appropriate skills should be extended and applied in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases.