“竹林”的禅佛之境,“边城”的道骨之风——废名《竹林的故事》与沈从文《边城》的阅读比较

A Comparative Reading of Fei Ming's Tales in the Bamboo Forest and Shen Congwen's Frontier Town

废名与沈从文作为中国现代文学史上公认的有着相似创作风格的小说家,在对中国传统文化的传承上却有着细微的差别。他们的创作都具有浓郁的地方特色与民族底蕴,但其迥异的生活环境与价值取向,造成了他们一个封闭自身于孤寂的“竹林世界”,以一种潜心研读佛学的心态逃避现实寻求自我;而另一个却以一种傲然的姿态建构理想的“边城”世界,追求一种完美的“自爱而又爱人”的精神理念,以致其作品中隐含了中国传统文化的“道骨”风貌。这种创作风格与倾向上的异同可以从废名的《竹林的故事》与沈从文的《边城》的比较中体现出来。

Both Fei Ming and Shen Congwen are recognized novelists with similar writing style in the modern history of Chinese literature, but they are slightly different from each other in the succession to Chinese traditional culture. There are strong local characteristics and folk details in their writing. However, because of the different living conditions and values, Fei Ming isolated himself in the lonely world of Forest of Bamboo, where he put his mind to Buddhism. On the other hand, Shen Cong-wen proudly set up an ideal world of＂ Frontier Town＂, in which he was in pursuit of a spiritual idea of self-loving and loving others. As a result, there appeared some ＂Taoist style＂ in his writing. Such differences in styles can be seen from beth of the novels.