中国古代的礼器组合制度

Institution of Ritual Objects Combination in Ancient China

中国古代的礼器组合形式分为殷、周两大文化系统。殷商文化系统的礼器组合形式是鼎、簋、豆、笾等的组合,皆呈偶数形式,表现出殷人追求对称美以及对女性的尊重。而周文化系统的礼器组合形式是：鼎呈奇数、簋、豆、笾等皆呈偶数。奇数组合可以突出一个“居中”、“中央”、“太极”的地位,然后再形成对称形式,表现了周天子至高地位的形成。周文化系统的鼎与簋、豆、笾等礼器组合,呈奇、偶纽合形式,反映了周人的阴阳思想意识。

The form of ritual vessels suite in ancient China can be divided into Yin and Zhon cultural systems, The form of the Yin cultural system for ritual vessels includes the suite of ding, gui, dou, and bian, which are all even, This reflects the fact that the Yin people pursued symmetry beauty and respected females. The form of the Zhou cultural system for ritual vessels indicates that ding was odd number, and gui, dou and bian were even, The odd suite can emphasize the position of ＂mediacy＂, ＂center＂ and ＂tai- fi＂, and then constitute a symmetry form, This manifests the formation of sovereign status for Zhou King. The suite of ding with hui, dou and bian in the Zhou cuhural system show odd and even form, reflecting the negative and positive idea for the Zhou people.