“群”与“己”:边界及其规则——对“群己权界”的当代哲学反思

Individual and Social Public Life: Demarcation and Their Respective Game Rules

在思想史和社会史上,关于“群”、“己”关系问题,占统治地位的是这样一种观点,认为以普遍的、共通的形而上学“人性”为基础,能实现“个人之善”与“公共之善”的“本质统一”。事实上,这种观念乃是一种形而上学的僭妄,“个人之善”与“公共之善”之间并不存在这种“本质统一”关系,二者有着各自相对独立的“游戏规则”,而不是建立在抽象的形而上学同一性基础之上。对于“个体生命”来说,“自由”地“创造”其“价值”构成了其自主的“游戏规则”;对于社会公共生活来说,“相互承认与团结”则构成了其独立的“游戏规则”。以“边界意识”取代“形而上学意识”来重新认识“群己权界”,这是人与社会实现和谐发展的重要前提。

This thesis aims to reflect and deconstruct a traditional notion rooted in thought history and society history for a very long time, which thinks that both ＂the good of individual＂ and ＂the good of social public life＂ are united essentially based on ＂the metaphysical human nature＂. This thesis argues that there is not this kind of essentially united relation at all, both individual and public life follow their own ＂game rule＂ respectively. For the personal life, to greate his value freely constitutes his independent ＂game rule＂, for the social public life, ＂the mutual recognition and solidarity＂ constitutes its independent ＂game rule＂. We should emphasize ＂the boundary consciousness＂ to replace ＂the metaphysical consciousness＂ and rethink the demarcation between individual and public life, which is the important premise that ensures that people and society can development harmoniously.