小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化研究

Callus Induction and Differentiation of Mature Embryos of Wheat

以2个小麦品种成熟胚为外植体进行离体培养，研究了不同预处理、不同2，4-D浓度及与KT组合、不同蔗糖浓度等因素对愈伤组织诱导及分化的影响。结果表明：4C低温预处理町提高愈伤组织的出愈率及再生苗率，2个材料的出愈率及再生苗率均达到90％和30％以上；在不同预处理条件下，2，4-D浓度对出愈率及再生苗率的影响与基因型有关，2，4-D浓度为1～2mg／L更有利于愈伤组织诱导及分化；附加KT能缓解高浓度2．4-D对再生苗率的抑制作用，而对于在1、2mg／L2，4-D的培养基中附加KT则不表现这种作用；蔗糖浓度则在30g/L条件下更有利于愈伤组织诱导。因此通过4C低温预处理，在MS基本培养基中附加1～2mg／L 2，4-D及30g／L蔗糖亦可促进小麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导和分化。

Mature embryos of wheat as the explants were in vitro cultured in different pretreatments,at different 2,4-D and sucrose concentrations and in different KT combinations with 2,4-D to study the effects of these factors on callus induction and differentiation of mature embryos of wheat. It was shown that low temperature pretreatment at 4 C could increase the induction rates of the calluses and the differentiation percentage of regeneration plantlets and the induction rate of the calluses and differentiation percentages of the regeneration plantlets in two materials surpassed 90% and 30%,respectively ;In different pretreatments,the effects of different 2,4-D concentrations were related to the genotypes and 2,4-D was more conducive to the induction and differentiation at 1-2 mg/L;The addition of KT could abate the inhibition of 2,4-D at high concentrations,but the additions of KT to the medium with 2,4-D at 1-2 mg/L showed no effects like this;Sucrose was more conducive to the callus induction at 30 g/L. Therefore,the low temperature pretreatment at 4C and the additions of 2,4-D at 1-2 mg/L and sucrose at 30 g/L to MS medium were helpful to the induction and differentiation of the calluses of mature embryos of wheat.