兰州地区105例头癣的发病情况及其病原菌种分析

Analysis on 105 cases of tinea capitis and the pathogenic fungi in Lanzhou district

目的：了解兰州地区头癣的发病情况及其病原菌的分布特点。方法：对临床拟诊为头癣的患者进行真菌镜检、培养及分离鉴定。设计统一的调查表，登记镜检阳性患者的相关临床资料，分析头癣的发病特点。结果：105例真菌镜检阳性的头癣患者男72例，女33例，男女之比为2．18：1；白癣92例（87．62％），脓癣13例（12．38％）；年龄1．34岁，平均（6．13±2．92）岁；72例有宠物接触史，41例有头癣患者接触史：培养菌株93株（阳性率88．57％），其中犬小孢子菌90株（占培养菌株的96．77%），红色毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、白念珠菌各1株（各占1．08％）。结论：兰州地区头癣的临床类型以白癣为主，脓癣次之；传染方式主要为动物到人、人到人；致病菌以亲动物性的犬小孢子菌为主.

Objective： To investigate the etiology, clinical features and the pathogenic fungi species of tinea capitis in Lanzhou District. Methods： One hundred and five patients, males 72 and females 33, aged from 1 - 34 years （mean 6.13 ± 2.92） were examined microscopically with positive results and all questioned about history of petkeeping, duration of lesions and hair cut habits. The specimens of these cases were cultured on Sabouraud - chloramphenieol glucose agar （SDA） and incubated at 27℃, species being identified with growth rate of isolates, production and potential diffusion of pigment and direct microscopic examination. Results： The ratio of male to female was 2.18： 1. There were 72 patients with exposure of pets, 41 contacts of tinea capitis patients. The positivity rate was 88.57% in 93 cultured strains, among them 90 were Microsporum canis （96.77%）, and 1 Triehophyton rubrum, 1 Mierosporum gypseum and 1 Candida albicans, each accounting for 1.08% separately. Among 105 patients 92 patients （87.62%） suffered from tinea alba and 13 （12.38） kerion. Conclusion： The main clinical type of tinea capitis is tinea alba, the next kerion, the transmission rout being animal to human and human to human, and the most frequent pathogenic fungi is Mierosporum canis in Lanzhou District.