硅酸盐细菌的分离及其解钾活性的初步比较

Isolation of Silicate Bacteria and their Capacites of Releasing Potassium

用无氮培养基从淮北地区某花圃中采集来的土壤中筛选出7株芽孢杆菌,对其进行菌落、菌体形态观察和生理生化特征测定,确认为硅酸盐细菌;并采用摇瓶试验对7株硅酸盐细菌的土壤解钾能力进行测定.结果表明:7株菌株中S1、S2、S5、S6、S7为革兰氏阴性,其余为革兰氏阳性;所有菌体均为杆状,其中S1、S4、S6、S7为短杆状,其余为长杆状;S1、S2、S5、S6产圆形芽孢,其余菌株产椭圆形芽孢.摇瓶试验表明:S2和S7的解钾能力较强,土壤速效K比接灭活菌对照分别增加69.08%和60.78%.S2、S7菌株的解钾机理及其在土壤中的定殖有待进一步研究.

7 strains of bacteria which can yield ellipsoidal spores were isolated form garden soil on the medium without N in Huaibei city, and their morphology, physiological and biochemical characters and potassiumreleasing capability in flask were determined. According to the characteristics, these cultures belong to silicate bacteria. The results showed that in the 7 strains of silicate bacteria, S1 ,S2 ,S5 ,S6,S7 were G-, and the other are G＋ ; all the 7 strains appear as rods, and the SI, S4, S6, S7 were shorter, the other were longer; all strains yield ellipsoidal spores. The strains＇ capability of potassium - releasing test showed that strains of S2 and S7 were most capable of releasing potassium. Contrast to CK, the content of soluble potassium was increased by 69.08% and 60.78% respectively. The mechanism of potassium - releasing and colonization dynamics in soil of S2, S7 will be studied further.