吐鲁番文书中的“部田”考释

The Study on Butian(部田)in Documents from Turpan

“部田”和“常田”是吐鲁番出土文书中两个重要的田土分类名称。目前,学界已有的研究成果大多将“部田”解释为薄田、劣质地。笔者在前贤论著的基础上提出:在吐鲁番文书中,部、薄、簿三字互通,薄田是部田的假借,部田并不一定是薄田、劣质地,部田在现今西北方言中称作铺田,仅是用来轮作的田地。

Butian（部田） and Changtian（常田） are two important kinds of farmland classification.Currently, most of scholars get conclusions that Butian is thin or inferior farmerland.Based on the previous conclusions , the writer think that Butian is not certainly thin or inferior farmerland.In documents from Turpan,three words of Bu （ 部 ） Bo （ 薄 ） Bu （ 薄 ） can be used mutually,Botian （ 薄田 ） is jiajie （ 假借 ） of Butian.In the nowdays northwest dialect,people still call Butian as Putian（ 铺田 ）,it is only the farrnedand of crop roation.