介电弹性体致动器及其应变响应研究

Research on dielectric elastomer actuator and its characteristics

用介电弹性体制作的致动器,具有变形量大、能驱动较大的负载、可塑性很好的特点。给出了一种使用介电弹性体制作基本致动器的方法,对电极、预应变等对该方法制作的致动器的影响进行了实验研究。结果表明,电极的柔软度必须与材料的性质匹配。太硬的电极会使应变变小,而太柔的电极会使薄膜易于击穿。预应变虽减弱了单位电压下的变形量,但却能提高致动器的最大应变量。

Dielectric elastomers can be used to make actuators which yield large strain, drive heavy load and have good plasticity. The working principle of such actuators and a basic method to make actuators with dielectric elastomers was introduced. The effects of electrodes and pre - strain on the performance of actuators were studied. Experimental results indicate that the plasticity of electrodes must he matching with the properties of the material. Stiffer electrodes reduce the strain, but softer electrodes make films easier to be destroyed. Large prestrian may reduce actuators＇ sensitivity but improve the magnitude of max strain of actuator.