紫心甘薯高产优质栽培调控优化技术研究

Optimisation of cultivation techniques for high-yielding and good-quality purple sweetpotato

为探明紫心甘薯高产优质栽培条件,采用多因素正交试验设计,研究了施肥、生长调节剂、种植密度、收获期和薄膜覆盖5个因素对紫心甘薯产量以及花青素含量、烘干率和淀粉含量的影响。结果表明,在施尿素150 kg/hm2和氯化钾150 kg/hm2,施用多效唑浓度900 g/hm2,栽后150 d收获,密度控制在6.75万株/hm2的畦沟盖膜条件下,可获得最高产量;在施氯化钾150 kg/hm2,用膨大素浓度165 g/hm2,栽后150 d收获,种植密度5.25万株/hm2和畦沟覆膜的条件下,可获得最高花青素含量;在施尿素150 kg/hm2+过磷酸钙150 kg/hm2+氯化钾150 kg/hm2,多效唑浓度900 g/hm2,栽后150 d收获,种植密度3.75万株/hm2和畦沟覆膜的条件下可使干率和淀粉含量达到最高。

The muhi-faetor orthogonal experiment, including fertilizer, plant regulator, planting density, harvesting period, and film mulching was conducted to select the optimum cultivation conditions to increase purple sweetpotato yield and improve its quality. The results showed that the optimum growing condition for purple sweetpotato depended on the yielding level and quality. The best growing conditions for increase in purple sweetpotato storage root yield were earbatnide of 150 kg/hm^2 and KC1 of 150 kg/hm^2, paelobutrazol of 900 g/hm^2, 150 d after transplantations, planting density of 67 500 plants/hm^2 and fully mulching; The best growing conditions for increase in anthoeyanin pigments were KCl of 150 kg/hm^2, CPPU of 165 g/hm^2, 150 d after transplantations, planting density of 52 500 plants/hm^2 and full mulching; The best growing condition for increase in dry matter and starch contents were carbamide of 150 kg/hrna, CaH2PO3 of 150 kg/hm^2 and KCl of 150 kg/hm^2, paelobutrazol of 900 g/hm^2, 150 d after transplantations, planting density of 37 500 plants/hm^2 and fully mulching.