麻疯树不同地理种源种子性状及苗期生长初报

The preliminary report on seed character and seedlings growth of Jatropha curcas geographical provenances

麻疯树种子性状及育苗试验表明：参试的麻疯树不同地理种源的种子外观差异不大，长度、宽度、侧径变异系数分别为2．9％、4．6％和3．3％；千粒重差异相对较大。变异系数达到7．7％，千粒重表现比较好的种源有6号、12号、17号、20号，千粒重可作为麻疯树优良材料选择的指标；不同种源苗木生长差异较大，综合地径和苗高生长情况，总体生长表现比较好的种源有2号、4号、10号、13号、14号、19号，地径平均值为0．89～1．13cm，苗高平均值为8．9～10．6cm；6号、7号种源苗期个体分化比较大；苗高和地径之间相关关系符合幂函数方程Y=9．595x^0.3134（R=0．6424）；不同地理种源苗期耐寒性差异显著，耐寒性最强的为11号、13号和14号种源；其次为1～5号、10号、12号、20号种源；为了防止冻害，育苗地点应选在福建南部没有霜冻或霜冻时间比较短的地方，播种时间宜在5～8月。

The results of Jatropha curcas seed characters and seedling experiments indicated that the differences of trial Jatropha curcas seed appearance characters are not significant among different geographical provenances. The variation coefficients of seed length, width and lateral diameter is 2.9%, 4.6% and 3.3 %, respectively. The difference of a thousand seed weight is compara- tively bigger, which variation coefficient reaches 7.7%. The provenances which have ideal weight of a thousand seeds are No. 6, No. 12, No. 17 and No. 20. The weight of a thousand seeds can refer as Jatropha curcas fine material. The differences of nursery seedling growth from different provenances are significant. Synthesizing the seedling diameter and height increment, the provenances of good overall growth are No.2, No.4, No. 10, No. 13, No. 14 and No. 19. The average diameter is 0.89- 1.13 cm, and the average seedling height is 8.9 - 10.6 cm. The individual differentiation of provenance No. 6 and No. 7 is quite high in nursery stage. The correlation between seedling height and diameter accords with the power function equation： y = 9. 595x^0.3134 （R = 0. 6424）. The differences of seedling cold tolerance from different provenances are significant, the best of which are No. 11, No.13 and No. 14, and the second are No. 1-5, No. 10, No. 12, and No.20. The nursery should be built in southern Fujian without frost or with short time frost and sowing time should be in May to August in case of frozen injury.