冬枣贮期浆胞病病原菌鉴定及病害生理研究

Studies on the identification and disease physiology of the pathogen of softening and decay disease in storage of Dong Zao

冬枣贮期主要病害是浆胞病，经病原菌鉴定，属半知菌类交链孢霉菌。-2℃的低温只能抑制而不能终止该菌的生长。pH值在5～9的范围内，菌落生长和孢子繁殖良好，pH值低于5和高于9时生长缓慢；在含有3．0mg/mL壳聚糖的PDA培养基上，病原菌菌落生长抑制率可达88．23％，将其浓度与菌落直径抑制率分别取对数后，二者存在正相关性，相关系数R=0．9646；臭氧和减压均能抑制该病原菌孢子的繁殖，臭氧浓度为300mg／m^3时对孢子繁殖抑制率达75．80％，40kPa的压力对孢子繁殖抑制率为59．22％。

The main disease is softening and decay disease in storage of Dong zao. It was Alternaria Nees ex Wallr by identifying of pathogen. The pathogen could be restrained but not be terminated at - 2℃. The pathogen could grow and sporulate in the condition of pH 5- 9, while it grew slowly under the condition of strong acid and strong alkali. PDA culture medium containing 3.0 mg/mL ehitosan inhibited the growth by 88.23 %, and there was also a positive correlation between log inhibition of growth and log chitosan concentration （R -0. 964 6）. Ozone and decompression could inhibit propagation of spore, 300 mg/m^3 ozone inhibited the growth by 75.80 %, and 40 kPa decompression inhibited the growth by 59.22 %.