影响短跑运动员快速力量的因素及其训练

Influence Factors of Sprinter's Fast Strength and Training

运用文献资料法对短跑运动员专项力量的概念、影响因素及训练进行分析探讨认为:短跑运动员的专项力量,是通过“反射”的方式,将肌肉三种不同方式的工作紧密衔接,爆发性地完成收缩;而弹性能量利用率是影响起跳力量大小的重要因素,退让收缩时,肌肉被拉长的速度、长度及肌肉由离心收缩向向心收缩的转换速度是影响弹性能量利用率的关键.在此基础上,对短跑运动员的专项力量的训练提出合理建议.

Using literature materials methods, the concept, the influence factors and training of sprinter＇ s special force are analyzed. Sprinter＇s special force is closely linking up three different kind of muscle＇s work ways, paroxysmal completing the contraction by the way of reflecting. However, the utility ratio of elastic energy is the important factor to the rapid reactive force. When muscle＇s contraction, the stretched speed, the length and the muscle＇s conversion rate affected by the centrifugal contraction to the centripetal contraction are the key to the utility ratio of elastic energy. In these foundation putting forward the reasonable proposals to sprinter＇s training.