摘要
青春期发育的启动标志着人在身体上的全面成熟,关系到每个人生活、工作、心理、婚姻以及生育能力,研究青春期发育启动机制为揭开人类发育的进程有着重大的意义。本综述通过回顾最近在青春期发育启动机制的重大发现——kisspeptins和GPR54信号通路在激活促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)神经元的关键作用,为今后青春期发育研究的取向提出建议。
Puberty represents a critical stage of human development, but the causation of this milestone remains an intriguing mystery. The reactivation of dormant hypothalamic GnRH-secreting neurons is the key event underlying the onset of pubertal development. Loss-of-function mutations in human and mouse GPR54 show that this receptor is absolutely required in mammals for puberty to occur. Recently, there were evidences to show that the GPR54 receptor represents molecular "gatekeepers" of mammalian pubertal LH and FSH secretion. In 2001, four independent groups identified a high-affinity peptide ligand for GPR54, and kisspeptins can activate GPR54 to secret GnRH. Future studies are urgently needed to understand the precise neural basis of the control mechanisms for GPR54 regulation of GnRH and the physiological relationships of kisspeptin secretion to the endocrinology of the reproductive axis.
出处
《生殖医学杂志》
CAS
2006年第6期421-424,共4页
Journal of Reproductive Medicine