人胎儿早中期肺免疫细胞的发育

Development of immune cells of fetal lungs in early and middle phases

目的：探讨人胎儿早中期肺免疫细胞的发生及发育特点。方法：采用免疫组化方法对胎儿肺免疫细胞的发生和发育进行观察。结果：肺间质中的白细胞共同抗原(leukocyte common antigen,LCA)阳性细胞和溶菌酶阳性细胞均在13周时出现；此后,两种阳性细胞数目有所增多,形态和分布上也有变化,且LCA阳性细胞数目较多。CD45-RO和CD20阳性细胞在28周开始出现于肺组织中。结论：人胎儿肺的固有免疫出现早,其中肺间质免疫细胞出现最早(13周),而支气管黏膜的稍迟(18周)；适应性免疫则出现较迟(28周)。同时肺间质细胞在间质中免疫细胞功能成熟的过程中也起到促进和加速的作用。

Objective： To observe the developmental characteristics of the immune cells fetal lungs in early and middle phases. Methods： Morphology, histoehemistry and immunohistoehemistry were used to observe the pulmonary tissue. Results： The LCA and lysozyme positive eells appeared in the fetal pulmonary interstitial tissue at week 13. The number of the LCA and lysozyme positive cells increased, the shape and distribution of the LCA and lysozyme positive eells were different from the early phase, and the number of the LCA positive eells was more than that of the lysozyme positive cells at any week. CD45-RO and CD20 positive eells appeared in the fetal pulmonary interstitial tissue at week 28. Conclusion： The inherent immunity of the human fetal lung appeared early. The immune cells in the pulmonary interstitial tissue appeared most early （at week 13） and those of the human fetal bronchus appeared later （at week 18）. Adaptive immunity appeared later than inherent immunity. The diffuse lymphoid tissue appeared in the interstitial tissue at week 28. The interstitial cells of the human fetal lung play an important role in the development of immune cells.