翼腭间隙的三维断层解剖

Three-dimensional sectional anatomy of pterygopalatine space

目的：为翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法：选用成人尸体头颈部制成连续横、矢、冠状断面,观察翼腭间隙及其结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺及求积仪分别测量其径线和面积。结果：翼腭间隙形态多变,经蝶骨体横断层面较固定,与翼突形态密切相关。两侧翼腭间隙及其结构呈对称性,径线和面积均无显著性差异。横断面可清晰显示翼腭间隙前、后、内侧和外侧壁上的结构及圆孔、翼管、蝶腭孔、翼上颌裂和眶下裂等自然通道；矢状断面能较好显示翼腭管、腭大管及腭小管的连续性；冠状断面利于观察翼腭间隙顶壁、圆孔、眶下裂、翼管及其与蝶窦的关系。结论：翼腭间隙的三维断层解剖对疾病的影像诊断具有重要意义。

Objective：To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalatine space disease. Methods：The heads and necks of adult corpses were cut into the transverse, sagittal and coronal sequence sections. Pterygopalatine space and its structure were observed and its diameter and area were measured with vernier caliper and planimeter. Results： Pterygopalatine space displayed different shapes, and the shape was stable at the sphenoinal body level on transverse section, which was relative to the pterygoid process. Pterygopalatine space and its structure were symmetrical of both sides. There was no significant difference in diameter and area. The anterior, posterior, medial and lateral wall of pterygopalatine space and its communication paths, including the foramen rotundum, pterygoid canal, sphenopalatine forarnen, pterygornaxillary fissure and inferior orbital fissure were clearly displayed on transverse section. The succession of the pterygopalatine canal, greater palatine canal and lesser palatine canal was displayed on sagittal section. The hanging wall of the pterygopalatine space, foramen rotundum, inferior orbital fissure, pterygoid canal and its relationship with the sphenoidal sinus were displayed on coronal section. Conclusion：Our results indicate three-dimensional sectional anatomy of the pterygopalatine space is important for imaging diagnosis.