黄土体结构面的发育特征及其灾害效应

Characteristics of structural planes of loess mass in loess plateau of China and its hazard effect

根据结构面的规模、成因、性质、产状、张开度和形成时期对黄土体结构面进行了综合分类,总结概括了黄土高原地区第四纪断层与构造地裂缝、构造节理面、卸荷裂隙面、垂直节理面、不同岩性接触面、软弱夹层等结构面的特征及其灾害效应,认为黄土体结构面的显隐、开启和发育程度受黄土的形成时代、埋藏深度、粘粒含量、含水状态和黄土高原地区的地形地貌、新构造运动等因素影响。黄土体结构面是分割黄土成块体的结构面,是侵蚀土壤、洞穴的优势面,是孕育地质灾害的控制和分离面,是地下水的运移通道和储存场所。

Structural planes in loess mass are classified according to their scale, occurrence, opening, character of mechanics, cause and time of formation. Hazard effect and characteristics of such structural planes in Loess Plateau of China are also summarized as quaternary faults and tectonic ground fractures, tectonic joints, unloading cracks, vertical joints, contact planes between two lithology and weak intercalation. The show, opening and developing laws of structural planes in loess mass are affected by neotectonics, landform and groundwater in Loess Plateau of China and by clay content, water content, age and depth of loess. Structural planes in loess mass are planes of dividing loess into mass, preponderance planes of tunnel erosion of soil, control planes of arising geological hazards and the seeping channels and storing room of groundwater. So to study on them is very important and useful.