现行专利法对我国少数民族传统知识的保护——论我国少数民族传统知识的在先技术化

The Protection of Ethnic Traditional Knowledge in China by Existing Patent Law:On Establishing Prior Art on Ethnic Traditional Knowledge in China

由于各国在先技术认定规则的差异,传统知识的在先技术地位具有不确定性。传统知识的在先技术地位在美国专利法上存在障碍。按美国专利法模式把我国少数民族传统知识在先技术化,可以保护传统知识的消极知识产权利益。但我国少数民族传统知识的在先技术化也存在一些问题,如该种保护是一种最低水平的保护等。解决这些问题,应采取有关措施如我国少数民族传统知识在先技术化时做出知识产权权利保留等。

Establishing prior art on ethnic traditional knowledge （TK） depends on the patent law. Under the U. S. patent law, if documenting ethnic TK and creating online ethnic TK databases, ethnic TK will become prior art, and then prevent outsiders from asserting intellectual property rights over ethnic TK. This will fulfill the passive intellectual property rights of TK. But this will result in new questions such as losing the active intellectual property rights of TK. We should take such steps as reserving the intellectual property when stabling prior art on TK to protect it.