保护利用农田天敌的群落问题探讨

ON SOME ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRESERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF FARMLAND NATURAL ENEMIES

作者在群落水平上,从5个方面探讨了保护利用农田天敌的理论基础。增加农田生态系统的多样性,可以增加天敌群落种库的多样性,进而加速天敌群落的迅速重建和发展,这对控制早期迁入害虫的发生有重要意义。多样性高的天敌群落能减轻害虫发生程度,推迟害虫发生高峰的出现。群落内各子系统的相互联系和相互作用维持了天敌群落的稳定,增强了天敌对害虫的控制作用。群落多样性是影响稳定性的一个重要因素,它在一定程度上反映稳定性。

Explorations were conducted on five aspects of the theoretical bases at community level of preservation and utilization of farmland natural enemies. The results showed that: the increased diversity of agrosystem can enhance the species pool diversity and thereby speed up the reconstruction and development of natural enemy community , it is of obvious significance for keeping insect pest population immigrated in early stage under control. The natural enemy community with high diversity can alleviate the occurrence level and postpond its peak period of insect pests. The interdependence and interaction among subsystems of community has maintained the stability of natural enemy community and strengthened the control action of natural enemies against insect pests. The diversity of community is an important factor influencing community stability and may reflect the stability to some extent.