茎瘤芥主要数量性状遗传力和遗传进度的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Heritability and Hereditary Progress of the Main Quantitative Characters in Tumorous Stem Mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen et Lee)

以23个茎瘤芥地方品种为试材估算了15个性状遗传力、遗传进度及遗传变异系数。结果表明各性状遗传力从大到小顺序为营养生长期、瘤茎膨大期、茎/叶、菜皮百分率、瘤茎产量、叶宽、瘤茎横径、出苗至瘤茎膨大始期、株鲜重、瘤茎纵径、叶长、菜形指数、开展度、瘤茎空心率、株高。瘤茎空心率、茎/叶、菜皮百分率和瘤茎产量的遗传变异较大,具有较大的选择潜力,在5%的选择率下,可获得较大的遗传进展。综合试验结果认为,瘤茎膨大期、营养生长期、茎/叶宜在早代进行一次性单株选择,菜皮百分率、瘤茎产量、叶宽等性状可适当加强早代选择。

The heritability and hereditary progress of 15 quantitative characters were estimated after testing 23 tumorous stem mustard landraces. The results showed that order of characteristic heritability from the biggest to the smallest was vegetative duration, developmental duration, ratio of stem and leaf, fur percentage, tumorous stem yield, leaf width, horizontal length, emergence to developing beginning, whole plant fresh weight, vertical length, leaf length, tumorous stem index, spreading degree, hollow heart percentage and plant height. There was greater genetic variation coefficient and selective potency for hollow heart percentage, ratio of stem and leaf , fur percentage and tumorous stem yield, and the hereditary progress of those were greatly acquired under 5% selective pressure. It was suitable for the one-time＇s individual selection of developmental duration, vegetative duration and ratio of stem and leaf in early generation , but fur percentage, tumorous stem yield and leaf width etc. should be properly selected in early generation.