二十世纪福楼拜研究中的意识批评

Ideology Criticism in the 20th Century Flaubert Research

二十世纪围绕法国作家福楼拜所展开的内部批评主要可分为两大类:一类是以日内瓦学派为代表的意识批评;另一类是以形式主义为基本导向的,涵盖新批评、结构主义、解构主义等在内的批评,以及在其影响下发生的批评。本文的主要目的在于对第一类,即二十世纪西方福楼拜研究中的意识批评作出综述分析。指出让-彼埃尔.里夏尔、乔治.布莱尤其是让.鲁塞的批评典型地体现了意识批评通过作品的集合而非求助于外部社会历史环境来研究某一部作品的特征。

The criticism on French writer Flaubert in the 20th century can be classified into two categories ： one is ideology criticism presented by Geneva School; the other is formalism-oriented criticism containing New Criticism, Structuralism and Deconstructionism and the related criticisms influenced by it. This paper aims to summarize the first category, that is, the ideology criticism in the 20th Century Flaubert Research. It is pointed out that the criticism of Jean Pierre Richael, George Price and Jean Rousset typically embodies the feature of studying a work from the perspective of ideology criticism through the congregation of works rather than exterior societal historical environment.