清末当政者有关资本问题的认知与实践——以陈璧为考察中心

Official Cognizance and Practice on Capital in the Late Qing Dynasty

清末当政阶层对于发展经济的关键———资本问题,有别于舆论界而力主引入外国资本,这是以往学界否定之的关键所在,其实,当政阶层之所以如此,实乃内资不可依恃的迫不得已之举,而非有意抵拒,恰恰相反,当政者在筹集内资方面也做了许多工作。以陈璧为例,他在京汉路的回收期间,一方面举借外债,另一方面也致力于发行公债、筹集官款。同时,为了交通发展的需要,他还筹建交通银行,集中社会零散资金。这充分说明清末当政者对我国内资的关注,那种认为当政阶层一味倾心借外债的观点,并不足取。在资本问题上,陈璧是清末当政阶层的一个标本式人物,类同者比比皆是。

The officials in the late Qing Dynasty treated capital--the key to economy difference from the public voice, who exerted themselves to utilize foreign capital. And prevenient academia disavowed it. In fact,what they did was unavoidable but not ready. On the contrary,they did a lot in raising domestic capital. Take Chen Bi for instance,he borrowed foreign capital and applied himself to raise domestic money and put official money to use in the course of the redemption of Jinghan Railroad. At the same time he prepared traffic bank to constrtict in order to raise scattered money in society for the development of transportation. The officials＇ attention to domestic capital was reflected in these aspects in the late Qing Dynasty. Those viewpoints of the offcials＇ felling for foreign capital is improper. And Chen Bi was only one typical example of many congeners.