丑角的“力”与“美”:莎士比亚历史剧中的丑角群像

The Buffoon's Power and Aesthetics:Comments on Buffoons in Shakespeare's Historical Plays

丑角是莎士比亚戏剧中非常活跃的一类形象。在历史剧中,丑角群像是与上流社会相对立的一种势力,他们传达着下层人民的心声,体现了莎士比亚历史剧的人民性和进步性。丑角群像与贵族阶层的对立、斗争构成了更大框架下的戏剧冲突,形成了“复调式”结构。莎士比亚以丑角来塑造下层人民形象,是因为英国的戏剧传统以及历史剧的特殊性和莎士比亚本人的局限性等因素造成的。

Representing a force of people and embodiying progressive factors, buffoons are active figures in Shakespeare＇ s historical plays. Buffoons struggl with the aristocratic stratum. These struggles form the dramatic conflicts in polyphonic structures. Shakespeare has portrayed the lower class people as bufoons because of British dramatic traditions and the special characteristics of historical plays. His own limitations also have contributed to such portrayal.