岷江干旱河谷几种乔木抗旱性研究

Researches on Drought Resistance of several arbor Species in Arid Valleys of the Minjiang River

岷江上游干旱河谷地区是我国西部生态环境最恶劣的地区之一,也是我国最困难的造林地区之一。本试验以生理研究为基础,选择干旱河谷区造林地内具有相对较高成活率和保存率的针叶树种岷江柏(Cupressus chen-giana)、辐射松(Pinus radiata)和阔叶树种臭椿(Ailanthus altissima)、榆树(Ulmus pumilaL.)、刺槐(Robinia pseu-doacacia),分别采用主成分分析法和综合评价法对影响其抗旱性的主要生理指标和试验树种的抗旱性进行了分析研究。结果表明:①影响该地区试验树种抗旱性的主要生理指标为:可溶性糖含量、SOD活性、游离脯氨酸含量、水分饱和亏缺度、叶片含水量和24h失水率;②5个试验树种的抗旱性表现为岷江柏最高,其次榆树>刺槐>臭椿,辐射松的抗旱性最差。

The arid valley in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River is one of the worst ecotopes and the most difficult forestation regions in China. Based on the physiological experiment, researches were directed to 5 forestation tree species, i. e. , Cupressus chengiana, Pinus radiata , Ailanthus altissima Ulmus pumila L, which showed a high survival rate and preservation rate. Research was made on the principal physiological indexes which could affect the drought resistance of forestation tree species, and the results showed that （1） the principal physiological indexes were sugar content, SOD activity, free Pro content, WSD, and water content and evaporation ratio in leaf hlades; （2） By estimating the drought resistance of 5 forestation tree species, Cupressus chengiana showed the best, others were Ulmus pumila L 〉 Robinia pseudoacacia 〉 Ailanthus altissima in turn, and Pinus radiate showed the worst.