四川森林资源动态变化与提高森林质量的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of the Dynamic Change of Forest Resources in Sichuan and Improvement of the Forest Quality

本文论述了四川森林资源的概况、现状以及近60多年森林质量的动态变化特点:近20多年来,森林资源迅速发展,森林面积、蓄积、覆盖率快速增长,尤其以人工林建设为最。但是,森林质量大大下降,良种化程度低;造林密度不合理,普遍偏密;树种组成单一,纯林为主;单位面积蓄积量低,生长量低;病虫害严重等问题非常突出。提出了加强森林资源监测的建设,实施分类经营,突出生态建设;实行工程化造林,培育目标定向化;优化林分结构,改造残次林分;制定集体林经营方案,建立示范区;坚持政府扶持,健全政策保障体系,合理经营和保护现有次生林资源等措施,结合森林资源产权的流转,共同提高森林质量。

This paper deals with the general situation and the present status of forest resources, and the dynamics characteristics of forest quality in Sichuan for about 60 years, including the rapid development of forest resources, and the rapid growth of forest acreage, volume, and cover rate, and especially the establishment of plantations in nearly 20 years. However, forest has significantly declined in its quality,and its good seed degree is low. The density of afforestation is unreasonable, including single species composition, and low volume and low increment per units. In addition ,plant diseases and insect pests are very serious. To improve the quality of forest resources, some measures should be taken to strengthen the monitoring of forest resources, carry out classified management, give prominence to ecological improvement, implement the afforestation projects,optimize stand structure and improve the fragmentary and secondary forest, set up the project of collective forest, constitute the demonstration zones, adhere to the government support, refine the policy security system,and rationally manage the existing secondary forest resources in combination with the circulation of forest resources in order to enhance the forest quality.