玉米茎秆性状与抗折断力的相关和通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis Between Stalk Characters and Power of Stalk Resisting Breaking in Maize

以一组双列杂交组合为试材,对9个茎秆性状与单位体积茎抗折断力(UVSRP)进行了相关和通径分析。结果表明,雄穗主轴长与UVSRP呈极显著正相关;穗下生物鲜重、穗下茎秆长、茎秆鲜重、穗位高、茎秆长粗比与UVSRP呈极显著负相关;穗下平均节间长、株高与UVSRP呈显著负相关;茎粗与UVSRP相关不显著。通径分析结果表明,茎秆鲜重、穗下平均节间长、株高和雄穗主轴长对UVSRP的作用表现为较大的正向直接效应;穗下茎秆长、穗下生物鲜重、茎秆长粗比、茎粗和穗位高对UVSRP的作用表现为较大的负向直接效应。增加玉米的生物产量不能只增加穗下茎秆长或穗下平均节间长。适当的雄穗主轴长可作为选择抗茎折断力强的玉米品种的重要参考性状。

The relations of correlation and path between 9 stalk characters and the power of stalk resisting breaking per unit volume（UVSRP） were analysis, with a set of diallel crosses in maize were used experiment material. The result showed that the spindle length of tassel had extremely significant positive correlation with UVSRP, everyone of them had extremely significant negative correlation with UVSRP, for the fresh plant weight below ear, stalk length below ear, fresh stalk weight, plant height, ear height, or the rate between length and width of stalk, one of them had significant negative correlation with UVSRP, for the average length of joints below ear and plant height, and the correlation between the stalk width and UVSRP was not significant. The result of path analysis showed that the fresh stalk weight, the average length of joints below ear, the plant height and the spindle length of tassel had fairly positive direct effect to UVSRP. The stalk length below ear, the fresh plant weight below ear, the rate between length and width of stalk, the stalk width and the ear height had fairly negative direct effect. We should not raise the biological yield of maize by increasing of the stalk length below ear and the average length of joints below ear. Proper spindle length of tassel could be regard as a important reference trait while selecting maize varieties with good power of resisting stalk broken.