云南省土壤和植物性饲料中矿质元素含量及相关性研究

Studies on Contents of Minerals and Correlation of Minerals Between Soils and Forages in Yunnan Province

对云南省家畜饲养基地所属的6个主要地质背景区的土壤和饲料样品的钾、钠、镁、铜、锌、锰、钴、铁、硒和碘元素进行测定分析,并进行了相关性统计,结果表明:玄武岩红壤区(Ⅴ)和碳酸岩盐红壤区(Ⅰ)土壤各种矿质元素都比较高;其次是碳酸岩盐、碎屑岩和玄武岩混合型黄红壤区(Ⅱ),除了钴较低外,其它元素含量都居中等或偏上水平;而碎屑岩紫色土区(Ⅲ)、变质岩赤红壤区(Ⅵ)和碎屑岩黄红壤区(Ⅳ)大多数矿质养分相对都比较低。大多数饲料中钴、铁和硒的含量受土壤中元素的丰度影响较大;其次为铜、镁、锰、锌和钾;饲料中碘受土壤碘含量影响最小。土壤和各主要饲料间铁、钴、镁、硒和铜相关性较强。

To effectively formulate the mineral to meet the nutrients requirement of beef cattle and improve the feed efficiency, the present studies analyze the concentration of potassium, sodium, magnesium, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iron, selenium and iodine in soil and feed from the mainly ruminant production base, which belongs to six differently geological background areas according to the location distribution in Yunnan province, China, respectively. The best areas are Red Earth Area of Paleozoic Basalt （ Ⅴ ） and P, ed Earth Area of Carbonzte （ Ⅰ ）, where the mineral contents are highest than others. The next is Yellow-Red Earth Area of Mixed Type of Carbonate, Clastic Rock and Basalt （ Ⅱ ）. The Purple Earth Area of Mesozoic Clastic Rock （ Ⅲ ）, Yellow-Red Earth Area of Clastic Rock （ Ⅳ ） and Dark Red Earth Area of Precamhrian Metamorphic Rock （ Ⅵ ）, where the concentrations of mineral in soil and forages are lowest. The contents of cobalt, iron and selenium in forages are significantly affected by geological background especially the contents of mineral in soil. The next is copper, magnesium, manganese, zinc and potassium. The intents of iodine in forage are lightly affected by geological background. There are significant correlation in iron, cobalt, magnesium, selenium and copper between soils and forages.