沙壤土入渗性能和水分特征曲线的测定

Determination of soil infiltration capability and water characteristic curves of sandy loam soil

土壤容重、土壤饱和含水率和土壤饱和导水率,以及土壤水分特征曲线是与土壤水分入渗、蒸发、土壤侵蚀及污染物运移有关的重要的土壤水分参数。文章采用烘干称重方法测定土壤饱和含水率,用现场环刀法测定土壤容重,用双环入渗试验与人工加水方法相结合(替代马里奥特容器)的“稳定水头法”测定土壤饱和导水率,采用张力计法测定土壤水分脱湿过程特征曲线和吸湿过程特征曲线,并用S=Ae-Bθv或S=Aln(θv)-B模型进行了模拟。试验结果显示,这些测定方法是可行的。

Bulk density, saturated soil moisture content, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil water characteristics are essential soil parameters related to infiltration, evaporation, soil erosion and pollutants movement. In this study, soil parameters were determined using universal or some revised methods. Saturated soil moisture content was measured with dry weight methods. The bulk density was measured with steel columns. The saturated hydraulic conductivity parameter was determined using two loops infiltration with artificial adding water in an equilibrium condition of water table. Tensiometer was used to determine the soil water characteristics both in moisture dehydration and absorption process. Simulation was conducted with model S=Ae^-Bθv或S=Aln（θv）-B. The results show the above mentioned methods are feasible.