辽宁省阜新地区蒙、汉两族农村居民缺血性卒中的流行病学特征及危险因素比较

A comparison of epidemiologic features and risk factors in ischemic stroke among the rural residents between Mongolian and Han nationalities in Fuxin district, Liaoning province

目的通过对农村地区蒙、汉两族成年人群缺血性卒中的流行病学特征和相关危险因素的调查，为缺血性卒中防治提供依据。方法制定统一的调查问卷，按标准化调查方法，由培训过的医师进行人户询问、血压测量及资料收集。采用随机分层整群抽样的方法，对辽宁省阜新农村地区的7个乡镇〉135岁30214名农村常驻（〉15年）成年人进行性别、民族、高血压、心脑血管疾病史、吸烟、嗜酒及饮食情况等方面调查。结果辽宁省农村蒙族居民缺血性卒中患病率为2．36％，标化率为2．48％；汉族为1．73％，标化率1、78％。随着年龄或高血压级数的增高，卒中患病率呈明显的增高趋势。多因素Logistic逐步回归显示年龄、性别、高血压及高血压家族史等因素是蒙、汉两族患病的相同危险因素，同时文化水平对汉族居民卒中的患病率也产生一定的影响。其中高血压人群患卒中的危险性是非高血压人群的5～8倍。结论辽宁省阜新农村蒙族居民患病率高于汉族居民，可能与其生活方式、遗传因素等有关。高血压患者对自己的保护意识较弱。应提高农村居民对高血压等危险因素和相关知识的认识，以减少卒中的患病率。

Objectives To investigate the epidemiologic features and risk factors in ischemic stroke among the adults both in Mongolian and Han nationalities in the rural area of Fuxin district, Liaoning province and to provide the bases for prevention and treatment. Methods The data of health conditis including sex, age （≥35 ）, nationality, history of hypertension, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, smoking and alcohol consumption in 30 214 rural residents we collected and studies. Results The prevalence of ischemic stroke in the rural residents of Mongolian nationality was 2. 36%, and the standardized rate was 2.48%, while in the Han nationality was 1.73%, and the standardized rate was 1.78%. With increasing age and levels of hypertension, the prevalence of stroke showed a trend of significant increase. Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the age, sex, hypertension, and family history of hypertension were the same risk factors in both nationalities, the risk of having stroke in the hypertensive populations was 5 to 8 times higher than that in the non-hypertensive populations, and at the same time, the education also had some effects on the prevalence of stroke in the rural residents of Han nationality. Conclusions The prevalence of ischemic stroke in the rural residents of Mongolian nationality in fuxin county, Liaoning province is higher than that of Han nationality. This may be associated with the lifestyle and genetic factor. It is a great task to improve the awareness of risk factors of hypertension and relevant knowledge of the rural residents in order to reduce the prevalence of stroke.