泥炭的化学降解

Chemical Degradation of Peat

用ＨＮＯ_３－Ｈ_２ＳＯ_４混合体系研究了七台河及桦川泥炭的化学降解过程。较为详细地考察了Ａ／Ｐ（ＨＮＯ_３－Ｈ_２ＳＯ_４（１００％）／泥炭）比，温度及时间对降解产物收率及组成性质的影响。通过ＩＲ、紫外、可见光谱、功能团、元素分析等对降解产物进行了表征。得出了七台河及桦川泥炭最佳降解条件及水溶酸（ＦＡ）、水不溶酸（ＮＦＡ）、棕腐酸（ＮＨｙＡ）等的收率。

The chemical degradation of Qitaihe and Huachuan peat from northeast of China was studied with mixed solution of HNO_3-H_2SO_4. The effects of reaction conditions,including rate of HNO_3-H_2SO_4. (100%,wt )/peat (wt,dry),temperature and duration, on the yield and composition of degraded products have been extensively examined. The degraded products have been characterized by IR, ultraviolet spectrograph, visible spectrum, functional groups and ultimate analysis. The optimum reaction conditions of Qitaihe and Huachuan peat are HNO_3-H_2SO_4 (100%, wt):peat (wt,dry) = 0. 25￣0. 30 at temperature of 100℃ and the reaction time of 2 hours.