前侧方入路至颞下窝及邻近区域的临床解剖研究

Clinical Anatomic Investigation of Anterior and Lateral Approach to Infratemporal Fossa and Adjoining Regions

目的:探讨前、侧方入路显露颞下窝及邻近区域的优缺点。方法:选10例成人头部标本,模拟前、侧方入路分层解剖,对关键结构测量分析。结果:显露颞下窝的主要障碍是面神经,颧弓和下颌升支。前方入路能保留大部分结构的生理功能,完整显露颞下窝。而侧方入路受面神经的限制,只能局部显露。前方入路可通过处理上颌骨显露翼腭窝,侧方入路通过处理腮腺进入咽旁间隙。结论:前、侧方入路显露的侧重点不同,且各具优缺点。

Objective： To compare the surgical exposure obtained by lateral approach and anterior approach to infratemporal fossa and adjoining regions and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of two approaches. Methods. Ten adult cadaveric heads fixed with formalin and infused with red latex were dissected through mimicking lateral approach and anterior approach. Results ： Anterior approach could reserve most structures and expose of the whole infratemporal fossa. The exposure of lateral approach was limited because of the obstruction of facial nerve. Entrance to pterygopalatine fossa could be obtained by resecting the maxilla in the anterial approach, while in the lateral approach entrance to parapharyngeal space can be obtained by removing the parotid gland. Conchmion： Lateral and anterior approaches emphasize on exposing different regions and have different advantages and disadvantages.