成体干细胞向肝细胞分化

Differentiation of Adult Stem Cells into Hepatocytes

成体干细胞跨越胚层限制分化为其他胚层来源的细胞,对揭示不同胚层细胞间相互分化的生物学意义和机制具有重要学术价值,并可以为临床细胞移植治疗开辟新的途径,从而成为当前研究的热点之一。综述了近年来肝源性卵圆细胞、成肝细胞、骨髓源干细胞和其他成体干细胞跨越分化为肝细胞的研究现状与进展,以及卵圆细胞、成肝细胞等的分离鉴定,表面标志、生物学特征和跨越分化机制,并对成体干细胞在肝脏疾病细胞治疗上的应用前景作了展望。

The ability of adult stem cells to transdifferentiate into other embryonal layers-derived cells crossing lineage boundaries has now been demonstrated, which plays an important role in understanding the mechanism of interdifferentiation among different embryonal layers cells. And besides, it also provides new cell sources for clinic cell transplantation. Thus, transdifferentiation is currently causing heated debate in the scientific press. This article focuses on the development of adult stem cells transdifferentiate into hepatocytes in recent years. We summarize the isolation, identification, surface makers, biological characteristics and the transdifferentiation mechanism of hepatic oval cells, hepatoblast and extrahepatic stem cells like bone marrow-derived stem cells, pancreatic epithelial progenitor cells, adult neural stem cells, adipose stromal cells and human cord blood-derived stem cells. Their contributions to cell-based therapy for liver diseases have also been anticipated.