油松优良家系多性状选择方法研究

Multi-characteristic selection methods of superior families of Pinus tabuleaformis Carr.

以20年生油松子代测定林为研究对象,对生长量、结实量和干形等性状指标进行了遗传主成分分析、遗传距离聚类分析、指数选择法分析及育种值综合评分法分析,比较了4种选择方法的特点。结果表明,利用遗传主成分分析可以综合评价油松家系遗传性状的优劣,为优良家系选择提供参考;遗传距离聚类分析可将在主成分值上具有相似特征的家系进行归类,根据选育目标选择相关类群;育种值综合评选法,能够反映家系的遗传本质差别,选择方法简单、直观;指数选择法选择效率高,被认为是评价多性状优良家系较理想的方法。将4种方法有机结合,能更全面地评价优良家系的综合表现,为优良家系的多性状选择提供科学依据。

The methods of multi-characteristic selection were studied with the data of progeny test forest of P. tabuleaformis Carr. which had been growing for 20 years. The characteristics of growth,quantity of cone and trunk shape were analyzed with the methods of principal component analysis （PCA）,cluster analysis of genetic distance, index selection and comparison of integrated characteristics of breeding value based on ranking （CICR） selection of the superior families through comparison of the methods mentioned above. The results of study show that the PCA can evaluate genetic characteristics of families of P. tabuleaforrnis,and offer the opportunity to select the superior families ;the cluster analysis can group the family materials into different categories according to their own principal component values ,and then the similar families are clustered together. The correlated groups will be selected according to the breeding goal; The CICR can reflect the differences of genetic essentials among families and it is a much simpler and direct method;the index selection method is a relatively ideal method to evaluate superior families with multicharacteristics, because the selection efficiency is better than that of other methods. The synthetic representation of families can be evaluated and the superior families be selected accurately when the four methods are applied together.