岩体水力劈裂试验研究

Experimental Study of Hydraulic Fracturing of Rock Mass

岩体水力劈裂是由于水压升高引起岩体中裂隙发生与扩展的物理现象,通过实验室试验对岩体水力劈裂机理进行初步研究.采用高压渗流-应力耦合试验仪对以水泥砂浆作为岩石相似材料的厚壁圆筒试件进行水力劈裂试验,研究了试件破坏的形式和发生水力劈裂破坏的条件.并通过对试验资料的统计分析提出了试件破坏发生的判断依据,探讨了试件在不同压力环境下水力劈裂破坏的机理.通过理论分析,对试验成果进行了初步的分析,并就试件水力劈裂破坏型式与土体试件试验成果进行了比较.

The hydraulic fracturing of rock mass is a physical phenomenon where the rock mass fractures happen and develop with the increase of water pressure. The cement mortar （similar to the material of rock mass） was used to form a thick hollow cylinder as the test piece to be tested on the seepage-stress coupling apparatus developed by the seepage control laboratory in Hohai University. The failure style and the failure condition were studied from the tests. The mechanism of rock mass hydro-fracturing was probed into by the statistics and theoretic analysis of the test data. A criteria of the destruction of samples was proposed. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the data collected from the test, the mechanism of hydraulic fracturing of rock mass under different pressures is explored and the destruction pattern of the samples is compared with that of the clay samples.