我国粳稻生产现状及发展趋势

Current Situation and Trends in Production of Japonica Rice in China

对中国粳稻生产现状和发展趋势进行了分析与讨论,认为北方粳稻生产承载着全国人民“口粮安全”和社会稳定的历史重任。千方百计地发展北方粳稻生产,增加粳稻总产量已势在必行。但从目前北方粳稻生产形势看,靠扩大水稻种植面积来提高总产量的潜力已很有限,惟一出路是依靠科技进步提高单产。通过育种手段开发推广超级稻,提高品种的生产潜力,以及通过栽培手段改造中低产田,实现大面积均衡增产,是近期大幅度增加粳稻总产量的有效途径。此外,还对直接影响中国粳米市场走势的东北稻区水稻生产发展战略进行了讨论。

Current situation and trends in production of japonica rice in China were discussed. Authors believed that the production of japonica rice in northern China plays a key role in food safety and social stability. So it is urgently needed to improve japonica rice production and furthermore increase the total grain yield. Further analysis revealed that the only way for increasing total rice production is through increasing productivity by means of improving science and technology, instead of widening the planting area, which has limited potential. To increase the output of japonica rice, the efficient way is through breeding and popularizing the super rice, and improving the middle and low yielding landraces. Furthermore, strategies for increasing production of japonica rice in northeast China, which will influence the trends in japonica rice market were also discussed .