束状孔等效直径当量球形药包大量落矿采矿技术

Huge Ore Caving Technology with Spherical Explosive Cartridges and Cluster Drilling Holes

束状孔等效直径当量球形药包爆破技术是一种全新概念的爆破技术。它以数个密集平行深孔形成共同应力场的作用机理为基础，由数个束孔进行组合漏斗爆破，实现高分层大量爆破落矿：由于装药约束条件的改善，可采用普通低成本炸药，从而大大降低采矿成本。采用大参数束间距，凿岩硐室可以布置成凿岩巷道的形式，简化了采场地压管理。下向分层落矿，采场爆破避免了切割井、拉槽等低效率作业辅助工程。工业试验表明，由于创造了充分利用炸药能量和控制爆破作用的良好条件，矿岩破碎质量好、大块率低，爆破炸药单耗低、炮孔每米崩矿量高，边帮、直接顶板的完整性保护效果良好。

Large scale ore caving within a high sublevel can be realized by combined funnel blasting where common stress field is formed by several close parallel deep drilling holes. Improvement of restraining condition of explosive makes employment of low cost explosive possible, and correspondently mining cost is greatly reduced. Underground pressure management is simplified due to adoption of large cluster space and drilling tunnel. Such accessory procedures as cut - off raise and bottom cutting are avoided by downward layer caving. Field tests of the technology indicate that explosive consumption is low, ore caving per unit hole is high, and blasting quality and continuity of roof are perfect because of high application rate of explosive energy and controlled caving technique.