优质高产多抗玉米育种的可能和实践

Possibility and practice of maize breeding with high yield and multi-resistance

以高产、优质、多抗玉米单交种桂单22号为例,探讨了适应广西生态特点和需求的玉米品种特性及选育技术:在高产的基础上,突出选育籽粒为黄色硬粒、光泽性好、白轴的杂交种,同时主攻耐旱耐瘠抗病;选系基础材料的选择和杂种优势模式的利用是提高育种效率的关键;采用生态育种和选育保绿性强的杂交种均能提升品种的抗逆性和适应性,降低育种风险。

Using the maize single cross hybrid Guidan 22 with high yield, good quality and multi-resistance as material, the variety characteristics and breeding technology which is adaptable for planting and demand in Guangxi were discussed. It put forward that priorities should be focused on yellow, flint brightness grains and white maize cob with high yield, and meanwhile, the tolerance to drought and barren soil and resistance to diseases should be strengthened. The keys to increase the efficiency of maize breeding are the selection of basic materials of lines breeding and the application of heterosis pattern. The resistance and adaptation of varieties should be increased and breeding risk be reduced by ecological breeding and breeding strong green-keeping hybrid.