加拿大和美国铁路的公益性运输

Canadian and American Public-benefit Railway Transport

在加拿大和美国,铁路客货运输公司全部市场化运作,铁路客运分别主要由VIA公司和AMTRAK公司承担。政府为了维护铁路公益性运输,对长期严重亏损的铁路客运业务进行补贴。借鉴两国经验,解决我国铁路的公益性问题,必须从国情出发,将市场和政策相结合。立法先行,明确我国铁路公益性运输的界限,补贴主体和补贴对象,并制定分类投资政策,实行分层决策制度。

In Canada and America, railway transport companies operates in commercialized way. The government provides subsidy to passenger transport with long-term heavy losses, so as to maintain public-benefit railway transport. In China, we must solve this problem through legislation, define the limit of public-benefit railway transport in China, and its subjects and objects for subsidy, and meanwhile work out a policy for classified investment and a level decision-making policy.