青藏高原地表能量通量的估计

The Estimation of the Surface Energy Fluxes over Tibetan Plateau

利用1981—2000年逐日气候、植被和土壤基础资料作为输入,以大气—植被相互作用模式(AVIM2)计算了青藏高原0.1°分辨率的年平均地表能量通量的空间分布和季节变化特征。结果显示,年平均地表净辐射通量由高原西南部的100W/m2减少到东部的70W/m2左右。高原东南部的林区潜热通量强而感热通量弱,从高原东南向西、向北潜热通量逐渐减少,而感热通量逐渐增大。夏季这种趋势更加显著。冬季除东南部外,高原上广大地区地表能量通量都较低。

The daily climate data for 1981-2000, and the vegetation type data as well as the soil texture data were used as the inputs of Atmosphere-Vegetation Interaction Model （AVIM2） to simulate the spatial and seasonal surface energy fluxes of Tibetan Plateau with the resolution of 0.1°× 0.1° grids. The results indicate that the annu- M mean surface net radiation flux decreases from 100 W/m^2 over southwestern to 70 W/m^2of eastern plateau. The simulated latent heat flux in the forests of southeastern plateau is strong, whereas the sensible heat flux in that area is weak. From southeastern plateau to west and to north, the estimated latent heat flux decreases gradually while the sensible heat increased gradually. This tendency is more significant in summer. In winter, except for the southeastern area, the simulated surface energy fluxes over the broad area of plateau are low.