海洋功能区划立法探讨

Discussion on legislation of marine functional zoning in China

海洋环境的诸多特点使得依据各涉海部门的单行法律法规难以进行有效的海洋管理,从而导致海域开发秩序混乱、局部海域用海矛盾突出及人力、财力的浪费等现象。要从根本上解决以上问题,必须对涉海法律进行整合并制定专门的综合性的海洋功能区划法律。针对目前海洋功能区划的立法缺陷,本文从符合海洋生态系统的规律和特点的角度出发,分析了立法的必要性,提出海洋功能区划立法应以生态安全和非社会秩序为价值取向,以可持续发展为指导思想,以保持海洋生态健康原则、预警原则、以海定陆原则、资源定位原则、公众参与原则为立法原则。

It is very difficult to implement effective management on complicated marine affairs just according to department ordinances and regulations. Unreasonable marine development, marine use conflicts and other resources waste issues are induced because of the non-eflective management. In order to solve these issues, it is＇ necessary to integrate relative acts and to constitute an integrated marine ocean zoning law. The shortcoming of the current legal system in the marine functional zoning is anaiyzed, and the proposed ecological safety and non-social orders were done as its value inclination, sustainable development as guiding ideology for its legislation, and ＂Maintain marine ecosystem health＂, ＂Precautionary principle＂, ＂Ocean orienting land＂, ＂Resource-oriented＂, ＂Public participation＂ and ＂unified management＂ as six principles.