基于GIS和RS的土地利用与土壤侵蚀关系研究——以冀北地区为例

Relationship between land use and soil erosion based on GIS and RS in the north of Hebei Province

冀北地区土壤侵蚀以水蚀和风蚀为主,根据水利部颁布的《土壤侵蚀分类分级标准》(1997),参考有关学者提出的土壤风蚀强度分级指标,构建研究区土壤侵蚀强度的分级指标。运用GIS和RS技术,提取土地利用、坡度、植被覆盖度、土壤质地等信息,通过GIS空间叠加分析,得出冀北地区土壤侵蚀强度分级图,详细研究土壤侵蚀强度的空间分布特征;进一步与土地利用图叠加,分析不同土壤侵蚀强度下的土地利用特征和不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀状况。

The main erosion patterns in the north of Hebei Province are water erosion and wind erosion. In this paper, the soil erosion Classification system was constructed on the base of the Classification Standards of Soil Erosion Intensity issued by the Ministry of Water Resources of China （1997） and the Hierarchical Index System （Li Yubao, 2000）. By using geographic information system （GIS） and remote sensing （RS）, the information such as land use, slope, coverage of plant, soil texture was collected and further overlaid to obtain the erosion intensity classification map in the north of Hebei Province in accordance with the established index system. Furthermore, the map was overlaid with the soil erosion intensity map for detecting the soil erosion sta- tus at different land use patterns as well as the land use at different soil erosion status.