我国老年人日常生活自理健康预期寿命的差异性分析

Changes in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) of the Elderly in China

健康是人们关心的热点问题,对老年人来说,不仅要长寿,而且要健康,要尽可能长久地保持生活自理能力,提高自身的生命质量。回答我国老年人的日常生活不能自理期是压缩还是扩展了,分析影响老年人日常生活自理能力的因素。采用1992年和2002年两次全国老年调查数据,做分城乡、分性别、分年龄的不同老年人生活自理健康预期寿命的差异性分析。在1992年和2002年期间,城镇老年人和农村老年人日常生活不能自理期均在“扩展”;2002年卧床不起的疾病对老年人日常活动影响更大,老年人2002年比1992年在生活自理方面需要更多的照料资源。

The purpose of this paper is to make clear whether the unhealthy duration of activities of daily living （ADL） of the elderly in China have been expanded or compressed, and analyze the factors which affect ADL of the elderly. This research is based on a national survey of the elderly in 1992 and 2002. The main findings of my research were： ADL went down following the age increase; By comparing the change of ADL, it is found that the unhealthy duration of ADL of both men and women in urban and rural areas was expanded from 1992 to 2002 ; the bedridden diseases have outstanding influences on ADL of the elderly in 2002 than in 1992, which lead to more needs for resources of care in daily life.