2005年黑龙江省艾滋病检测情况分析

Analysis of HIV testing quality in Heilongjiang Province

目的为了了解黑龙江省艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测的现状,提高检测水平。方法对黑龙江省2005年全年各艾滋病筛查实验室送检的196份血清样本,以及自愿检测的HIV抗体初筛阳性的2份样本进行检测分析。结果经胶体金快速检测法检测,送检的196份中138份HIV抗体阳性(138/196,70.4%);自愿检测2份均阳性(100%)。经酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法复查,送检样品中112份HIV阳性(112/196,57.1%),自愿检测的2份均阳性(100%)。胶体金法与ELISA法检测均阳性,或有一种方法为阳性的共149份标本,经免疫印迹(WB)试验确认后,103例为HIV-1抗体阳性,26例阴性,20例不确定。26例阴性标本中,ELISA法检测假阳性6例,胶体金法20例。结论HIV初筛实验假阳性比率较高,有待进一步培训及规范管理。

Objective To gain deeper understanding of the current quality of HIV antibody testing in our province so as to further enhance local testing ability and build up testing networks in the whole province. Method A total of 198 HIV antibody positive serum samples were retested by Particle Agglutination Test （PA） ,ELISA and Western Blot（WB） in 2005 ,of which 196 samples were sent from local HIV screening laboratories in Heilongjiang and two were from our own laboratory. Result Of the 196 samples sent from local laboratories 138 were confirmed as positive by PA （69.70 %, 138/196）,and 112 were confirmed as positive by ELISA （57.14 %, 112/1 96 ） and two samples from our own laboratories were all confirmed as pcaitive by both PA and ELISA （100 % ,2/2）, In total, 149 .samples were confirmed as HIV positive by PA and ELISA or either one, among them 138 from local laboratories and two from our laboratory;of these samples 103 were reconfirmed as HIV positive,26 as HIV negative, and 20 as indeterminate by WB.Among the 26 samples which were HIV negative by WB,six had been positive by ELISA and 20 by PA. Conclusion The false positive rate of HIV test in local laboratories of our province is relatively high and testing skills of local laboratory staff need to be further upgraded through training.