汕头市HIV/AIDS流行现状与流行趋势分析

Epidemiological analysis of HIV/AIDS prevalence and trend in Shantou

目的探明汕头市艾滋病流行现状并预测其流行趋势，为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法对汕头市1990～2005年艾滋病血清学监测、哨点监测资料进行分析。结果到2005年底止，汕头市已发现艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者108例，其中艾滋病病人29例。男性占78．70％，女性占21．30％；职业以农民及无业人员最多占53．71％；其次是商人和工人，分别占18．52％和15．74％；85％以上感染者年龄在20～50岁。主要传播途径为性接触（46．30％），其次为采供血（15．74％）和静脉吸毒（14．82％）。结论汕头市近年艾滋病疫情发展明显加快，传播途径多样化。经静脉吸毒传播的比例迅速增大，通过多种途径由高危人群向一般人群扩散。由城市向农村扩散。

ObjeeUve To study the epidemic status of HIV/AIDS in Shantou,and predict its trend so as to provide a scientific reference for making intervention strategies.Method The data of HIV/AIDS from serologic and sentinel surveillances were analyzed from 1990 to 2005. Result By the end of 2005 ,an accumulative 108 HIV positive cases were discovered, among whom 29 cases had developed AIDS. By gender distribution, males occupied 78.70 %, females-21.30 %. Farmers and the umemployed accounted for 53.71%, being the highest population group, followed by chapmen and workers,the rate of which was 18.52% and 15.74% respectively.85 % of the infected cases were detected in the age group of 20-50 years. The maior transmission route was sexual contact, which accounted for 46.30 %, followed by blood transfusion （15.74 % ）,and drug use （14.82 % ）. Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic has significantly increased at a higher speed in recent years is Shantou, with multiple transmission routes. The HIV/AIDS cases increased dramatically among IDUs. Via multiple transmission routes, the epidemic is spreading from the high risk population to the general population, from the urban area to the rural area as well.