妇女与战争——对西方女性主义战争观的理解与反思

Women and War——Understanding and Reflection on Western Feminist Perspectives on War

战争与和平是国际关系研究的中心议题,西方女性主义深刻揭示了妇女与战争的关系,提出了各种不同于主流国际关系理论的战争观。作者尝试在探讨西方女性主义在妇女与战争问题上的共识的基础上,从认识方法、分析视角和解决路径等角度对三种典型的西方女性主义战争观进行梳理和比较。在分别评价其贡献与缺陷的基础上,提出两个值得进一步思考的问题:对妇女与战争关系的理性思考与对女性真实体验的研究;性别认同与其他认同的相互联系及其对战争认知的综合影响。最后,对这一议题的研究提出建议:一要深入研究战争中女性的日记、书信及二战后的口述等材料;二要通过跨学科的努力,为性别变量与其他变量间的真实关联建立系统性的解释体系。

War and peace are a core issue in the study of international relations. Western feminism profoundly explores the relations between women and war, and thus provides unique views on war that are totally different from traditional IR theories. Based on a discussion of their common premises, this article compares three typical feminist perspectives on war, and subsequently offers a critical perspective. In conclusion, this article makes some suggestions for future studies of this issue.