老年人社区获得性肺炎的月罹患率及患者的临床特点分析

<TITLE>MONTHLY ATTACK RATE AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA (CAP) AMONG OLD PEOPLE

目的调查上海市新华街道内≥65岁的老年人社区获得性肺炎的月罹患率,并分析老年人社区获得性肺炎患者的临床特点,为街道内老年人社区获得性肺炎的预防和诊断提供信息。方法从2004年2月20日至3月21日,对街道内所有≥65岁的老年人(共9837人)进行一个月的调查,了解本街道内老年人群的社区获得性肺炎月罹患率。并描述其临床表现、体格检查和实验室检查结果。采用统一设计的调查表来收集患者的资料。结果一个月内共发现社区获得性肺炎新发病例26例,月罹患率2.64‰。≥80岁与<80岁人群的月罹患率分别为5.45‰、1.83‰,差别有统计学意义。老年人社区获得性肺炎患者多合并有各种基础疾病,咳嗽、咳痰为最常见的临床表现。结论本街道内≥65岁老年人社区获得性肺炎的月罹患率为2.64‰,高龄老年人是社区获得性肺炎的高发人群。老年人如出现社区获得性肺炎相关的症状应及早就医、及时治疗。

Objective To describe monthly attack rate and clinical characteristics of community acquired pneumonia （CAP） among people aged 65 years old and over in Xinhua community, Shanghai, China. Melhods Between 02/20/2004 and 03/21/2004, a survey among 9837 people aged 65 years old and over in Xinhua community was conducted to obtain the attack rate of CAP in one month. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients detected in the survey were also described. The information was collected through a structured questionnaire. Results Totally 26 CAP cases were detected from 9837 old people in Xinhua community. The monthly attack rate of all the people aged 65 years and over was 2.64‰, and monthly attack rate of people aged 80 years old and over was 5.45‰ whereas it was 1.83‰ in people younger than of 80 years old with a significant statistical difference. Most of the cases had co-morbid diseases. Cough and expectoration were the most common symptoms. Conclusions The monthly attack rate among people aged 65 years and over in Xinhua community was 2.64 ‰ . Very old people were the high risk population of CAP. Old people with relative symptoms should seek medical help as soon as possihle.