儿童焦虑障碍症状与父母养育方式的关系

Relationship Between Anxiety Disorder Symptoms in Children and Parental Rearing Behaviors

目的:探讨儿童焦虑障碍症状与父母养育方式的关系。方法:采用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)和父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)对329名4～6年级小学生(男生175名,女生154名)进行调查。以SCARED筛查阳性(SCARED总分≥23分)的学生为焦虑组,其余为非焦虑组。结果:在329名小学生中,SCARED筛查阳性的有59例,占总人数的17.9%,其中男23人,女36人;焦虑组双亲的“惩罚严厉”、“过分干涉"、“拒绝否认"、“过度保护"因子得分均明显高于非焦虑组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),而“情感温暖、理解”和"偏爱被试"因子得分两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);父母“惩罚严厉”、“过分干涉”、“过度保护”、“拒绝否认”因子均与焦虑症状评分存在显著正相关(P<0.01);多元逐步回归分析显示,“惩罚严厉”、“拒绝否认”、“过度保护”三个因子进入了回归方程,是儿童焦虑情绪的预测因素。结论:在儿童中焦虑情绪存在较普遍,儿童焦虑障碍症状与其父母养育方式关系密切。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between anxiety disorder symptoms in children and parental rearing behaviors. Methods： Children（n=329） from two elementary schools completed the SCARED and a questionnaire measuring perceived parental rearing behaviors （EMBU）. Results： 59 children displaying higher SCARED scores （total SCARED scores ≥23） were diagnosed as anxiety group. The other children were diagnosed as control group. Anxiety group rated their parents＇ rearing behaviors as more punishment, over-involved, overprotective, rejection and deny than the control groop, Positive correlations were found between punishment, over-involved, rejection and deny, overprotective, and anxiety symptoms. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors punishment, rejection and deny, and overprotective had effect on anxiety symptoms in children. Conclusion： Children who have more anxiety problems are associated with parental rearing.