骨形态发生蛋白及其在眼科方面的研究

Review on bone morphogenetic proteins and their functions in ocular tissues

骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)是一种多功能的细胞因子,属于转化生长因子-β超家族成员,是唯一能诱导体外异位骨形成的分子信号。骨形态发生蛋白广泛分布在非骨组织中,如神经、胃肠道、肾、心脏、肺和眼组织中,并且在脊椎动物和非脊椎动物的器官形成过程中起重要作用。近年来发现BMP在视觉器官正常发育过程发挥着重要作用。本文就BMP来源、结构和分布特点及对眼组织的作用进行了综述。

Bone morphogenetic proteins（BMP）, a kind of multifunctional cytokines, belong to members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. They are the only signaling molecules that can singly induce de novo bone formation at orthotopic and heterotopic sites and their osteoinductive potency makes them clinically valuable as alternatives to bone graft. BMP are widely distributed in non-skeletal tissues such as nerve, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart, lung and eyes, and have a central role in vertebrate and non-vertebrate organogenesis. In recent years, it has been found that BMP exert important effects at different times during the development of ocular tissues. This article reviews the characteristics of BMP sources, structure, distribution and effects in ocular tissues.