地下部分并非采矿权客体的产权界定

PROPERTY RIGHT DEFINEMENT OF UNDERGROUND MINERALS BEYOND MINING RIGHT OBJECT

包裹矿产的地下土地部分应是采矿权人与地表权人的互有资源。学者们却将地下土壤界定为采矿权的财产组成并认为是采矿权当然取得。产权的错误界定是采矿后地面千疮百孔的理论原因。产权科学界定可以定纷止争,但又由于地下资源载体不可分割而不能实现排他性使用,容易产生经济负外部性。这就在产权界定后还要以市场谈判与政府行政许可相结合,以遏制开采造成的地质损害。

Underground parts of land including minerals should be the mutual resources of both mining fight owner and land fight owner. However, the underground soil is defined as the property of mining right owner by scholars. The improper definement of property right is the theorical cause of heavily damage on land by mining, The conflicts can be settled by using scientific definement of property right. The indivisibility of underground resources carrier make the exclusive utilization impossible, which will cause economic negative externalities easily. After the property definement, the market negotiation should combine with the government administration admission to keep the geological damage from exploitation within limits.