连作温室夏季不同利用模式对黄瓜产量及土壤环境影响

Effects of Different Aestival Utilization Patterns on Yield and Soil Environment in Cucumber

目的评价多年连作温室夏季不同利用模式对黄瓜产量及土壤环境的影响。方法采用常规的化学分析方法及相应的选择性培养基培养法对不同利用模式各个时期土壤肥力指标和微生物指标以及黄瓜产量进行分析。结果夏季温室休闲期栽植青葱显著降低了土壤盐分的积累,其中速效氮和速效钾与对照相比分别降低了29.3%和5.3%;改善了土壤微生物的组成,使细菌和放线菌高于对照土壤,真菌低于对照土壤,B/F值升高,镰刀菌下降54%;黄瓜增产22%。夏季休闲期种植速生叶菜虽然能降低土壤盐分含量,但对降低黄瓜致病菌数量和改善微生物区系组成方面无积极作用,黄瓜产量与对照相比降低了15%。结论夏季温室休闲期栽植一茬青葱有利于缓解黄瓜连作障碍,提高黄瓜产量。

[Objective] In order to appraise the effect of different aestival utilization patterns on cucumber yield and soil environment in continuous cropping greenhouse, this paper analyzed the soil fertility, microbial indexes and yield of cucumber. [Method] The study was conducted using conventional chemical analysis and relative selection medium in different utilization patterns and periods. [Result] The results indicated that planting scallion in summer reduced the soil salt. Available N and K decreased by 29.3% and 53% separately compared with CK. The composition of soil microbe was improved while the number of bacteria and actinomycete were added, B/F value increased, and the yield of cucumber added by 22%. On the contrary, planting leafy vegetables had no positive effect on soil microbe composition, and the yield of cucumber decreased. [Conclusion] Therefore, planting scallion in the summer is beneficial for resolving continuous cropping obstacles and increasing cucumber yield.